Characterization of ruminal acidosis and initial phase of laminitis inducted by oligofructose in crossbred calves / Caracterização da acidose ruminal e da fase inicial da laminite induzidas por oligofrutose em bezerros mestiços

One of the ways to study cattle laminitis is its experimental induction by supplying a large amount of high fermentation carbohydrate. The most effective protocol until now has been the use of oligofructose. The objective of this study was to evaluate clinical and histological aspects of the hoof in experimental induction of ruminal acidosis and laminitis in calves using oligofructose. Six crossbred (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) yearling calves divided into Group I (GI) and Group II (GII) were used. Animals in GI and GII received intraruminal oligofructose in doses of 13 and 17g/kg, respectively. During 28 hours the calves were clinically evaluated and 30 hours after induction, samples were taken from coronary and abaxial wall of the hoof for histologic evaluation. Were noticed signs of ruminal and metabolic acidosis like rumen distension with fluid, diarrhea, ruminal pH reduction and, at blood gas analysis, pH and bicarbonate below reference range. Lameness was not observed however, some animals had a slower gait and apathy, possibly due to metabolic acidosis, though. Histologically, typical lesions of laminitis like circulatory changes and inflammatory infiltrate in the dermis, irregularities and areas of detachment at basement membrane and morphologic changes in cells from basal epidermis were found. The protocol induced, in the first 30 hours, clinical signs of ruminal and metabolic acidosis and low grade histologic lesions in the digits. Lameness and digit pain were not observed, characterizing the prodromic phase of the disease.(AU)

Uma das formas de se estudar a laminite bovina é sua indução experimental por meio do fornecimento de grande quantidade de carboidrato de alta fermentação. O protocolo mais eficaz até o momento foi o uso de oligofrutose. Objetivou-se avaliar aspectos clínicos e histológicos dos dígitos de bovinos na indução experimental de acidose ruminal e laminite usando oligofrutose. Utilizaram-se seis bezerros mestiços (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) de um ano, divididos em Grupo I (GI) e Grupo II (GII). Os animais em GI e GII receberam oligofrutose por via intrarruminal nas doses de 13 e 17g/kg respectivamente. Os bovinos foram avaliados clinicamente por 28 horas e fragmentos de coroa e muralha abaxial dos dígitos foram colhidos para histologia 30 horas após a indução. Foram identificados sinais de acidose ruminal e metabólica como distensão ruminal com líquido, diarreia e baixo pH ruminal. Os resultados de hemogasometria indicaram baixos pH e nível plasmático de bicarbonato. Os animais não apresentaram claudicação, entretanto, observaram-se apatia e marcha mais lenta, atribuídas à acidose metabólica. Histologicamente foram observadas lesões indicativas de laminite como alterações circulatórias e infiltrado inflamatório na derme, irregularidades e áreas de destacamento da membrana basal e alterações morfológicas de células da epiderme basal. O protocolo induziu, nas primeiras 30 horas, sinais de acidose ruminal e metabólica e lesões histológicas de baixa intensidade nos dígitos. Não foi observada claudicação ou sensibilidade nos dígitos, caracterizando a fase prodrômica da enfermidade.(AU)

Síndrome de ingesta nocturna relacionada con el sueño con respuesta al topiramato / Nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder that responds to topiramite

El síndrome de ingesta nocturna relacionada con el sueño es una parasomnia de sueño no REM, asociadaa otros trastornos del sueño, en especial al sonambulismo, crónica, no remitente y que consiste en episodios de ingesta compulsiva de alimento durante la noche con amnesia parcial o completa del episodio. Este cuadro debe ser diferenciado del síndrome de la cena durante el sueño, que es mucho más frecuente y se asocia a trastornos endocrinos y psiquiátricos, y deotros trastornos de la conducta alimentaria durante el sueño. Caso clínico. Varón de 28 años, con un cuadro diario de, al menos, 10 años de duración, consistente en episodios nocturnos de ingesta compulsiva en un estado de semisomnolencia, con amnesia del suceso a la mañana siguiente. El paciente no tenía historia de patología psiquiátrica o de otro trastorno de la alimentación,pero sí un descanso nocturno pobre, sobrepeso y antecedentes familiares y personales de otros trastornos del sueño.No respondió a otros tratamientos, por lo que se probó el topiramato con casi total desaparición de los episodios, excelente tolerancia y mantenimiento de la eficacia durante dos años de seguimiento. Conclusiones. Revisamos en este artículo lostrastornos de la conducta alimentaria durante el sueño, el síndrome de ingesta nocturna relacionada con el sueño y sus posibilidades terapéuticas, señalando la utilidad del topiramato en este cuadro

Nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder is a non-REM sleep parasomnia that is associated to othersleep disorders, especially sleepwalking. It becomes chronic, is not remitting and consists in episodes of compulsive eating during the night, which are then partially or completely forgotten by the patient. This condition must be differentiated fromnight-eating syndrome, which is far more common and is linked to endocrinological and psychiatric disorders, as well as to other disorders involving eating behaviour during sleeping hours. Case report. A 28-year-old male who had suffered from the clinical picture every day for 10 years; this condition consisted in nocturnal episodes of binge eating in a state of semisleepiness,with no remembrance of what had happened the next morning. The patient had no history of psychiatric pathologies or any other eating disorder, but he did not rest adequately at night, was overweight and had a family and personal history of other sleep disorders. Since he did not respond to other treatments, we decided to try therapy with topiramate; as a result, the episodes disappeared, tolerance was excellent and effectiveness was maintained throughout the two years’ follow-up.Conclusions. In this paper we review eating disorders that occur during sleep, nocturnal sleep-related eating disorder and its therapeutic possibilities, while highlighting the usefulness of topiramate to treat this condition